Ex. 11. Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Perfect or the Present Perfect Continuous Tense....

To complete Ex. 11, you need to decide whether each verb in brackets should be in the Present Perfect or the Present Perfect Continuous tense. Here is an explanation of when to use each tense:

1. Present Perfect Tense is used:

   • For actions that occurred at an unspecified time in the past and are relevant to the present.
   • For actions that have been completed recently.
   • With stative verbs that describe a state rather than an action.

2. Present Perfect Continuous Tense is used:

   • For actions that started in the past and are continuing in the present.
   • To emphasize the duration of an action.
   • For actions that were happening recently and have an effect on the present.

Now, let's apply these rules to each sentence:

I. (A, B)

1. Have we met before? (Present Perfect - unspecified past time)
2. I have often seen his name in the papers this year. (Present Perfect - unspecified times this year)
3. I have been trying to catch the waiter’s attention for about 15 minutes now. (Present Perfect Continuous - emphasizes duration)
4. She has been studying English for a year and has learned many words and expressions. (Present Perfect Continuous - ongoing action; Present Perfect - completed action)
5. I have not heard about him since yesterday. (Present Perfect - since a specific past time)
6. I have been looking for him since I finished my lesson but I have not found him. (Present Perfect Continuous - ongoing action; Present Perfect - completed action)
7. “Hello, Sven. Have you seen Alex yet?” - “No, I have not been to the shop floor today. I have been talking on the phone to our clients all morning.” (Present Perfect - specific inquiry; Present Perfect Continuous - ongoing action)
8. I have been up here since about six. I have been wandering around for hours. (Present Perfect - state; Present Perfect Continuous - emphasizes duration)
9. I have come to you to invite you for a ride in the car. (Present Perfect - completed action with present relevance)
10. I expect these young men have informed you who I am. (Present Perfect - completed action relevant to the present)
11. I really don’t know what you have been doing there all this time. (Present Perfect Continuous - emphasizes duration)
12. I have loved you ever since I first saw you. (Present Perfect - state verb)
13. And that’s where they have stayed ever since. (Present Perfect - state since a specific past time)

II. (A, B, C)

1. “I know what you have been thinking these last days,” - he said. - “Have you made up your mind?” (Present Perfect Continuous - ongoing thought; Present Perfect - completed decision)
2. They have been struggling with this problem for about a month and they have solved it at last. (Present Perfect Continuous - emphasizes duration; Present Perfect - completed action)
3. They have been discussing the case for hours but have been unable to come to any decision. (Present Perfect Continuous - emphasizes duration; Present Perfect - state)
4. You have seen Harry again. He has put this idea into your head. (Present Perfect - specific encounters; Present Perfect - completed action with present relevance)
5. You have been listening to gossip. The things you have heard are quite impossible. (Present Perfect Continuous - ongoing action; Present Perfect - completed action with present relevance)
6. I have been waiting here since 10 o'clock. Nobody has looked in here. (Present Perfect Continuous - emphasizes duration; Present Perfect - action relevant to the present)
7. I have been telling you so for years but you have never paid any attention. (Present Perfect Continuous - ongoing action; Present Perfect - completed state)
8. She has been talking about it ever since I met her and nothing has come out of it. (Present Perfect Continuous - ongoing action; Present Perfect - completed action with present relevance)
9. She has been doing shaping since September and her figure has improved remarkably. (Present Perfect Continuous - ongoing action; Present Perfect - completed result)
10. You have been asking him this question for a week and still he has not answered you. (Present Perfect Continuous - ongoing action; Present Perfect - expected completed action)

These answers reflect the structure and logic of the Present Perfect and Present Perfect Continuous tenses.

I.

1. Have we met before?
2. I have often seen his name in the papers this year.
3. I have been trying to catch the waiter's attention for about 15 minutes now.
4. She has been studying English for a year and has learned many words and expressions.
5. I haven't heard about him since yesterday.
6. I have been looking for him since I finished my lesson, but I have not found him. I have been to his office and to the laboratory, but he isn't there.
7. "Hello, Sven. Have you seen Alex yet?" - "No, I haven't been to the shop floor today. I have been talking on the phone to our clients all morning."
8. I have been up here since about six. I have been wandering around for hours.
9. I have come to you to invite you for a ride in the car.
10. I expect these young men have informed you who I am.
11. I really don't know what you have been doing there all this time.
12. I have loved you ever since I first saw you.
13. And that's where they have stayed ever since.

II.

1. "I know what you have been thinking of these last days," he said. - "You have made up your mind?"
2. They have been struggling with this problem for about a month and they have solved it at last.
3. They have been discussing the case for hours but have been unable to come to any decision.
4. You have seen Harry again. He has put this idea into your head.
5. You have been listening to gossip. The things you have been hearing are quite impossible.
6. I have been waiting here since 10 o'clock. Nobody has looked in here.
7. I have been telling you so for years but you never paid any attention.
8. She has been talking about it ever since I met her and nothing has come out of it.
9. She has been doing shaping since September and her figure has improved remarkably.
10. You have been asking him this question for a week and still he has not answered you.